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France natural history museum
This delighted
Protestants howeverhorror-struck Catholics
The King ordered the killings of a number of the
Huguenot leaders, however spiraled reply of
control and became a 3-day massacre of
about 30,000 Huguenots. The massacre was organized
by the Guises, and was widesuspected to
have been aided by the queen dowager.
Charles IX died in 1574, creating Henry III
king.
With the death of their younger brother
Francis, and also theproven fact that Henry was already
in his 30s associate degreed nonethelessto supply an heir, the
next within the line to the throne became, quite
unbelievably, the king’s ninth first cousin (and
also brother-in-law), Henry of Navarre.
This period of the war is typically referred
to because the War of 3 Henrys.
Henry III,
Henry of colour, and Henry of Navarre.
The King had Henry of colourdead,
and fled from Paris into concealment, however he himself
was dead by a knife to the abdomen.
As he was dying, he tutored his senior
officers to be loyal to Henry of Navarre,
who became King Bolingbroke, and he regenerate
to Christianity, splendidly stating that “Paris
is value a Mass”.
The King passed the Edict of metropolis, which
granted some rights to Huguenots, thathappy
neither aspect, and tensions remained high.
Henry IV was dead in 1610.
Before his death, colonization of the New
World began beneath his rule, and continuing
for many decades afterward.
The Thirty Years’ War started between the
various Protestant and Catholic states of
the Holy Roman Empire, and was largelya non secular
war, however later escalated into a continental
power struggle, turning into less concerningfaith,
and a lot ofconcerning politics.
France, though a Catholic nation, sided
with the Protestants. the explanation for this
— the Habsburgs. Countering their long-run
rival was a lot ofvital.
The Thirty Years’ War was one in allthe foremost
destructive wars Europe had ever seen with
approximately eight million deaths,
and also the result
of the war was… inconclusive.
The Peace of Westphalia granted some territory
to France, European nation became freelance
from the Empire, and also the independence of the
Dutch Republic was recognised.
More than simply territorial changes tho’,
the Thirty Years’ War was a true turning
point in European history, each in terms of
religion and politics. It placeassociate degreefinish to the
violence of the Reformation and
more usually was the start of freedom
of faith.
Politically, it had been arguably the primary war
that really highlighted the importance of
the Balance of Power,
the requirement of guaranteeing
that one single nation doesn’t become too
powerful to dominate all of the others.
After twenty three years of weddingand 4 stillbirths,
the Queen of France finally gave birth to
the nation’s future king: King of France, who
ruled France for seventy two years,
the longest powerful
monarch of European history.
This spectacularachievement was helped by the very fact
that his father died simplya couple of years once
his birth, as he became King of France at
just four years previous. throughout his minority,
the
country was dominated by his mother, Anne of Oesterreich,
and Cardinal Mazarin, the country’s chief
minister.
In 1648, Paris rose up in revolt, because
the country was tired of being dominated by a Spaniard
and associate degree Italian, moreover as multiplied taxes
to get the debt of many decades of
war.
The revolt was suppressed, and didn’t extremely
achieve abundant, however, it had a large impact
on the currently 10-year-old king Louis. He vowed
to be a king that willne’er be revolted
against.
Louis XIV became better-known for being associate degree absolute
monarch, and was the foremost powerful king in
all of French history. he’susually quoted
as locution “L’état, c’est moi” — “I
am the State”.
Louis XIV was a devout Catholic and believed
in his policy of 1 King, One Law, One Faith,
and, to itfinish, he revoked the Edict of
Nantes issued by his granddad, Henry IV,
causing a mass exodus of over four hundred,000 Huguenots
and major economic issues.
Louis XIV was concerned in many wars throughout
his long reign, thatexpanded France’s
borders to their close tocontemporary extent. First,
there was a war against Spain, then against
the Dutch, a war against… essentially all
of Europe, and most significantly of all: the
War of the Spanish Succession.
The Spanish King died in 1700, with none
heirs to succeed him, in all probabilitythanks tomany
generations of union, but anyway, he
left in his canthe complete Spanish Empire
to Philip of Anjou, grandchild of King of France.
Having a joint autocracy of France and Spain
would seriously upset the balance of power.
So, the Grand Alliance that had been shaped
against France within the9 Years’ War, regrouped
in support of their candidate for the Spanish
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throne: the prince of Oesterreich, Charles,
of the dynasty House.